![]() Using mouse models, Huberman led a team demonstrating that two proteins, Contactin-4 and amyloid precursor protein, act during early development to establish and reinforce the accessory optic system. Each direction-selective RGC is stimulated by visual motion in a specific direction and inhibited by motion in other directions. The accessory optic system orchestrates the conversation between the brain and certain cells in the retina that detect movement, called direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). This ability to compensate for movement is derived from the accessory optic system. ![]() The gerbil is moving and you are moving, so in order to focus on the gerbil, your eyes need a system to compensate for both sources of movement. Say, for example, that you are running to catch your very fast, very small pet gerbil. Huberman, Ph.D., of the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, who led one of the new studies. “Sensors in the eye detect movement and connect to the brain in just the right way to tell your eyes to move in the right direction without blurring images,” said Andrew D. ![]() Recently, two studies funded by the National Eye Institute (NEI) show how the circuitry for this eye-brain coordination is assembled during early embryonic development. Much like the automatic focus of a camera, our eyes and brains must constantly recalibrate so that we can get a clear view of the changing-and always moving-world around us. ![]()
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